这是一篇EssayPhD为加拿大SFU（Simon Fraser University）的学妹写的犯罪学论文代写的范文。这篇文章介绍的是错误定罪。文章通过case study介绍了一个错误定罪的案例。错误定罪的定义是：被定罪的人如果之后被事实证明是无辜的，那之前的判定就是错误的定罪。

在加拿大平均每年有450起错误定罪。以下是我们犯罪学论文代写节选的范文

Wrongful conviction occurs when a person convicted has been proven to be innocent in fact. Actually, wrongful convictions are more than this. Wrongful conviction is a miscarriage of justice or an error of justice. In other words, there are errors in interpreting or executing law or violating due process with the result of convicting innocent persons (Forst, 2004, p.3). There has been a large number of wrongful convictions in Canada. Roach (2011, p.1475) estimated that around 450 wrongful convictions per year exists in the country, assuming that the error rate is simply 0.5%. Although the error rate is very small, the total number of wrongful convictions is large (Huff, 2002, p.5). How to tackle wrongful convictions has become a wide concern in Canada. This paper is mainly to discuss some important issues of wrongful convictions in Canada on the basis of William Mullin-Johnson case. Three issues related to wrongful convictions are discussed. They are forensic evidence, judges and appeal system, and compensations.

案例大致内容是说是威廉姆林斯约翰逊于1996年因谋杀他的侄女而被定罪。在审判中，查尔斯史密斯提供了法庭证据和证词，证明华林遭到性侵犯和身体虐待。陪审团相信这位专家意见并判定了一级谋杀法案。但是比尔坚持自己的清白，并呼吁安大略省上诉法院和加拿大最高法院。

William Mullins-Johnson (Bill) was convicted of murder of his niece in 1996. At the trial, Charles Smith provided forensic evidence and testimony to prove that Valin was sexually assaulted and physically abused. The jury believed this expert opinion and convicted Bill of first degree murder. Bill insisted on his innocence and appealed to the Ontario Court of Appeal and the Supreme Court of Canada. However, his appeals were dismissed. After 12 years imprisonment, the federal Minister of Justice allowed his application for reviewing his conviction and the Ontario Court of Appeal re-heard the case. In 2007, Bill was acquitted. The case is a wrongful conviction.

最后在conclusion中给出自己的看法，在这个案件案中，错误的定罪主要是由病理学家史密斯提供的错误的法医证据造成的。审判法官和上诉法官也未能阻止错误定罪的发生。但是关于错误定罪对受害者的赔偿，现有的法律条款并不完善。

In William Mullins-Johnson case, the wrongful conviction was mainly attributable to the faulty forensic evidence produced by pathologist Smith. The trial judges and appeal judges also failed to prevent the occurrence of the wrongful conviction. There is disparity in awards for victims of wrongful convictions due to lack of legal response to compensations.

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